Furnace wall



M. LIPTAK FURNAGE WALL June 9, 1931.

4 Sheefs-Sheet l Filed oct. 5, 1925 June 9, y1931.

M. LIPTAK FURNACE WALL 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct. 5, 1925 iwf/MJ l Lyin/a June 9, 1931. M. LIPTAK, 1,809f47 FURNACE WALL Filed Oct. 5, 1325 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 m .Q @Mx l M. LIPTAK FURNACE WALL .lune 1931.

Filed Oct. 5, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 a 3,7@ f ,w 5 5 ca f7 c a l N w Www/#wv Q Patented .lune 9, 1931 narran MXCHAEL LIPTAK, OF ST. PAUL, MNNESOTA ILTUIRJTAGEl WALL Application led October 5, 1925. Serial No. 60,463.

6 able or inner wall, the two walls being connected by blocks or elements that eXtend from one wall into the other and are soarranged that partial replacements of the inner wall may be made without disturbing undamaged portions thereof.

Generally stated, the invention consists of the novel devices, combinations of devices and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and defined in the claims.

ln the accompanying drawings, wherein` the invention is illustrated, like characters'indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary perspective showing a furnace wall embodying my invention, the inner surface or portion of the wall being exposed to view, some parts of the wall being removed and some being sectioned;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary perspective of the wall shown in Fig. 1, the outer surface or por- Y tion of the wall being exposed to view, some parts being removed and some parts being sectioned;

Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, but showing the wall designed as a partition or die viding wall of the furnace; and

Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to Fig. 1, but illustrating a modified arrangement wherein air passages are formeel in the wall.

Referring first to the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, it may be stated that the permanent wall may be made up entirely of common bricks, or lire bricks, for that matter, but as shown is made up chiefly of belts of fire bricks 5 laid as headers, and interposed refractory tie blocks 6 and 7. The'tie. blocks 6 and 7 all project into the replaceable or inner wall, and the blocks k7 terminate flush with the outer surface of said permanent wall, while the blocks 6 proj ectv outward and form bonds to anchor to the permanent walll as a part thereof an outer wallfacing 8 made up of insulating bricks, such as inagnesia bricks, laid as stretchers. rFhe -tie blocks 6 and 7 are laid in horizontal rows and, as shown, there are two blocks 7 between adjacent blocks 6, but this arrangement, of course, can be varied. Also, the blocks 7 in the horizontal rows are staggered or offset laterally in respect to corresponding blocks in immediately upper and lower rows, this feature being bestshown .in Fig. 2, so as to give the best kind of a bond between the permanent wall proper and the insulating outer facing.

rll`he replaceable or inner wall is made up of fire bricks laid chiefly as headers, but in some instances as headers and stretchers. These bricks are disposed to fill the space between the rows of refractory bricks 6 and 7. Moreover, the'llower portion of the replaceablek wall, which is closest to the grate and subject to the'most intense heat,is made thicker than the upper portion thereof. IThis lower belt or portion is made up of fire bricks 9 and 10 laid, respectively, as headers and stretchers. ln this lower belt, the tie blocks 6 and 7 do not projectto the inner surface of said belt. The same statement is true in respect to most of that portion of the replaceable wallrthat is abeve the said thick lower belt, but it will be noted that near the top of the wall, the tie blocks 6 and 7 are, in some instances, eX- tended through to the innermost surface of the replaceable wall.

f Along the inner'ends of the tie blocks 6 and 7 that areterminated outward of the inner 'surface of the replaceable wall, the fire bricks 11 are laid as stretchers, while most of the f rest of thesaid replaceable wall is made up of lire bricks 12 laid as headers and overlapped with the inwardly projecting ends `of the tie blocks 6 and 7. The lire bricks 11 laid as stretchers along the inner ends of the lowermost horizontal row'of tieblocks 6 and l 7 are preferably wider than those laid along the inner ends of the blocks 6 and 7 that form horizontal rows higher up in the wall. In the replaceable wall, laid as abovestated, that portion above the above noted relatively thick lower Abelt is measured by the length of the brickspused and laid as headers, while the lowermost portion is measured by the length of the fire bricks laid both as headers and stretchers. To blend the inner surface of the replaceable wall from its relatively thick lower portion to its relatively thin upper portion, I use beveled sill-forming tiles or refractory blocks 13. These sill blocks are laid directly on the upper surface of the relatively thick lower portion of the replaceable wall and abutted against the inner ends of the aligned tie blocks 6 and 7. However, said blocks 13 project above said blocks 6 and 7 and the space thereby formed is filled in with fire bricks 14 laid as stretchers. These high refractory beveled sill-forming blocks 13 are well adapted to resist the intense flames to which they are subjected, as they have no exposed or projecting corners to be burned olf. Moreover, said sill blocks 13 are readily replaceable. Also, the other blocks or bricks of the replaceable wall may be readily replaced.

In one instance, to wit between the uppermost and next to the uppermost horizontal rows of blocks G and 7, I have shown a small belt of fire bricks laid as stretchers 15 and headers 16, the said headers projecting slightly into the replaceable or inner wall. and the said replaceable wall, in horizontal lines therewith, having lire bricks 17 laid as stretchers.

The wall illustrated in Fig. 3 is like that illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, except that the Wall is vdesigned as a dividing or partitio-n Wall, both sides of the wall being, in this case, duplicates of the replaceable wall shown in said views Figs. 1 and 2. Insofa-r as the parts are actual duplicates, they are indicated by the same characters used on Figs. 2 and 3, but those blocks or elements that are like those in Figs. 1 and 2, except that they are of greater transverse length, are indicated by corresponding characterswith the exponent a added.

The wall illustrated in Fig. 4 is like that illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, except that the outer facing bricks 8 are preferably common bricks and spaced from the permanent wall proper so as to form an intervening air space a, and some of the bricks 5 of the permanent wall are omitted to form air ports l) that communicate with an air space 0 formed between the permanent and replaceable wall. In this structure, the tie bloc-ks 6 are rmade long enough to span the air passages a and c and to tie the several wall structures together, see top of Figure 4; and the blocks 7 are terminated short of the permanent wall structure so that theyl do not close the air passages c. This leaves the air free to circulate both horizontally and vertically between the three wall structures or vertical courses of masonry. The sill blocks 13 applied as already described not only leave a smooth exposed surface free from sharp angles or corners to be burned olf, but does not break into the bond formed between the permanent and replaceable wall structures.

What I claim is:

1. A wall structure comprising a perma nent wall and a. replaceable wall, the former having tie blocks that extend therefrom into the latter, said replaceable wall having a relatively thick lower portion, and sill blocks located at the line of junction between the thick and relatively thin portions of said replaceable wall, said sill blocks having beveled surfaces blending together the exposed surfaces of the relatively thin and thick portions of said replaceable wall.

2. A wall structure comprising a permanent wall and a replaceable wall, the former having tie blocks that extend therefrom into the latter, said replaceable wall having a relatively thick lower portion, and sill blocks located at the line of junction between the thick and relatively thin portions thereof,

said sill blocks having beveled surfaces blending together the exposed surfaces of the relatively thin and thick portions of said replaceable wall, certain of said tie blocks being abutted against said sill blocks.

3. A wall structure comprising a. permanent wall and a replaceable wall, the former having tie blocks that extend therefrom into the latter, said replaceable wall having a relatively thick lower portion, and sill blocks located at the line of junction between the thick and relatively thin portions thereof, said sill blocks having beveled surfaces blending together the exposed surfaces of the relatively thin and thick portions of said replaceable wall, certain of said tie blocks being abutted against said sill blocks, but of less depth than said sill blocks, and bricks built on the inner ends of the latter noted tie blocks up to and flush with the tops of said sill blocks.

4. The structure defined in claim 1 in further combination with an outer facing wall, certain of the said tie blocks of the permanent wall being also projected into said facing wall.

5. The structure defined in claim 1 in which certain of the tie blocks in the relatively thin' upper portion extend nearer to the inner surface of said replaceable wall than do the tie blocks that project into the relatively thick lower portion of said replaceable wall.

6. The structure defined in claim 1 in which the replaceable wallV structure defined is duplicated on the other side of said permanent wall, thereby affording a partition wall.

7. A wall having courses of tie-headers projecting therebeyond, bricks laid between the tie-headers and projecting therebeyond, and courses of bricks supported by the projecting inter tie-header courses and protectingly covering the ends thereof, certain of said tie-headers projecting at the opposite face of the wall, and facing bricks laid as stretchers and supported by the projecting headers.

8. A permanent wall composed of bricks laid as headers to provide superposed spaced shelf-like structures all of said blocks projecting beyond the wall at one side and some of them projecting beyond the wall at the opposite side, refractory bricks laid as headers upon and between and projecting beyond the tie blocks at that side beyond which all headers project, other bricks laid upon the projecting` portions of the bricks as stretchers to cover the ends of the tie blocks, and additional bricks at the opposite side of the permanent wall forming a facing and supported only by those blocks which project through the wall on both sides, said bricks being laid as stretchers.

9. A wall having courses of tie-headers projecting therebeyond to form shelves, bricks laid between the tie-headers at the lower portion of the wall in a manner to give the wall a substantial thickness, said headers projecting beyond the tie-headers, sill blocks supported by the last mentioned bricks and protectingly covering the ends of adjacent tieheaders, said sill blocks being beveled inwardly towards the upper portion of the wall, bricks above the sill blocks, arranged to give less thickness to that portion of the wall and superposed between the tie-headers and projecting therebeyond, and bricks resting upon the sill blocks and arranged between the sill blocks and the projecting portions of those bricks supported by that row of tie headers immediately above the sill blocks and covering the ends of the tie-headers.

10. A permanent wall having shelf-like header courses projectingtherebeyond, a replaceable wall composed of bricks supported upon and between said shelf-forming courses' in a manner to substantially increase the total transverse thickness of a bottom portion of the wall, a row of sill blocks topping the uppermost course of last mentioned bricks, and covering the ends of the adjacent header courses, and additional bricks arranged to decrease the total transverse thickness ofthe wall above said sill blocks and having certain of its elements resting on the top of said sill blocks and having certain other of its elements engaging the projecting` portions of other bricks which are supported by and proj ject beyond that shelf-like header course immediately above the sill block.

11. Apermanent wallhavingshelf-likeheader courses projecting therebeyond, a replaceable wall composed of bricks supported upon and between said shelf-forming courses in a manner to substantially incr-ease the total transversethickness of abottomportion of the wall, a row of sill blocks topping the uppermost course of and supported directly only by the last mentioned bricks and covering the ends of the adjacent header courses, and additional bricks arranged to decrease the total transverse thickness of the wall above said sill blocks and having certain of its elements resting on the top of said sill blocks, and having certain other of its elements engaging the projecting portions of other bricks which are supported by these shelf-like header courses.

12. A wall having courses of tie headers projecting therebeyond, bricks laid between the tie headers to form a removable facing, some of the tie headers also projecting beyond the opposite face of the wall, and bricks laid between. and supported by said projecting headers, the headers at one level being staggered with reference to the headers at the next level to allow bricks to be built up from beneath and through the space between headers, to the headers above that row.

13. A wall constructed entirely from whole bricks, comprising a lower thickened portion including` header courses projecting substantially the width of a brick outwardly, and a replaceable wall portion supported and protecting the ends of the headers and composed of the courses of bricks, each course including bricks laid as. headers and stretchers, sill blocks laid upon the replaceable wall portion and covering an adjacent header course and extending thereabove, bricks laid as stretchers upon said adjacent header course at the rear kof said sill blocks, and bricks laid as headers and topping the last mentioned stretcher courses and said sill blocks, and eX- tending upwardly to form a thinner wall portion, some of the bricks being laid as stretchers to protect the ends of the headers.

14. A permanent wall composed of bricks laid as headers and tie blocks to provide superposed spaced shelf-like structures, all of said headers and tie blocks projecting beyond the wall at one side and some of them projecting beyond the wall at the opposite side, and refractory bricks laid as headers upon and between and projecting beyond the tie blocks on that side beyond which all headers project, other bricks laid upon the projecting portions of the refractory bricks as stretchers to cover the end of the blocks, and bricks at the opposite side of the permanent wall forming' a facing and supported only by those blocks which proj ect through the wall on both sides.

1n testimony whereof 1 aix my signature.

MICHAEL LIPTAK. 

